[心得] 看了版上一系列「鈍化的平均線」感想
基本上我是工科背景
對於經濟、商業的理論,其實瞭解不多
不過看了一系列「鈍化的平均線」討論以後
基本上就學理的結論而言(引述s大的文章)
「但越到後期,定期定額對整體成本的影響會越小,
導致該移動平均線鈍化。」
雖然我可以意會這樣的結論,但我實在沒辦法體會
所以我自己做了幾個小試驗
我的EXCEL試驗是依照以下幾點設定
每月初投入10k,假設第一次購買基金時淨值為10,故會購買1000單位
並且總共購買60期,也就是五年
第一項設定為,強迫不管哪一期的期末檢視績效,都剛好是7%(非年化報酬率)
而該期期末淨值,也是下一期購入淨值
如此一來,在60期末可以得到以下結果
投入金額:600k,基金單位數:47098,基金價值:642k,實際獲利率:7%
這個試驗比較有趣的事情是,愈到後期,愈想要維持7%的獲利率
基金淨值上升的幅度愈小
下表指的是每期末跟每期初之間的淨值增幅
期間 1~12 13~24 25~36 37~48 49~60
7.00% 0.51% 0.26% 0.18% 0.13%
3.38% 0.47% 0.25% 0.17% 0.13%
2.23% 0.44% 0.24% 0.17% 0.13%
1.66% 0.41% 0.23% 0.16% 0.13%
1.33% 0.39% 0.23% 0.16% 0.12%
1.10% 0.36% 0.22% 0.16% 0.12%
0.94% 0.35% 0.21% 0.15% 0.12%
0.82% 0.33% 0.20% 0.15% 0.12%
0.73% 0.31% 0.20% 0.15% 0.11%
0.66% 0.30% 0.19% 0.14% 0.11%
0.60% 0.29% 0.19% 0.14% 0.11%
0.55% 0.27% 0.18% 0.14% 0.11%
第二項設定為,基金淨值由10分為60期按照等差級數上漲至13.631
試驗結果為
投入金額:600k,基金單位數:51319,基金價值:699.5k,實際獲利率:16.59%
這個結果有趣的地方在於
雖然愈到後期基金淨值愈高、每期購入成本愈高、購入單位數愈少
但,實際獲利率卻幾乎還是呈現線性變化上漲
獲利率與期數之間的相關係數為0.9993
下表指的是獲利率(非年化報酬率)
期間 1~12 13~24 25~36 37~48 49~60
0.61% 4.14% 7.51% 10.75% 13.85%
0.91% 4.42% 7.79% 11.01% 14.10%
1.21% 4.71% 8.06% 11.27% 14.35%
1.50% 5.00% 8.33% 11.53% 14.61%
1.80% 5.28% 8.61% 11.79% 14.86%
2.10% 5.56% 8.88% 12.05% 15.11%
2.39% 5.84% 9.15% 12.31% 15.36%
2.69% 6.12% 9.42% 12.57% 15.60%
2.98% 6.40% 9.68% 12.83% 15.85%
3.27% 6.68% 9.95% 13.08% 16.10%
3.56% 6.96% 10.22% 13.34% 16.34%
3.85% 7.24% 10.48% 13.60% 16.59%
第三項設定為,基金淨值由13.631分為60期按照等差級數下跌至10
試驗結果為
投入金額:600k,基金單位數:51053,基金價值:510.5k,實際獲利率:-14.91%
變化一樣呈現線性變化,相關係數也為0.9993
期間 1~12 13~24 25~36 37~48 49~60
-0.44% -3.16% -5.99% -8.93% -11.99%
-0.67% -3.40% -6.23% -9.18% -12.25%
-0.89% -3.63% -6.47% -9.43% -12.51%
-1.11% -3.86% -6.71% -9.68% -12.77%
-1.34% -4.09% -6.95% -9.93% -13.04%
-1.57% -4.33% -7.20% -10.19% -13.30%
-1.79% -4.56% -7.44% -10.44% -13.57%
-2.02% -4.80% -7.69% -10.70% -13.83%
-2.25% -5.04% -7.93% -10.95% -14.10%
-2.48% -5.27% -8.18% -11.21% -14.37%
-2.70% -5.51% -8.43% -11.47% -14.64%
-2.93% -5.75% -8.68% -11.73% -14.91%
第四項設定為,基金淨值由10上漲至13.631再下跌至10,各為30期的等差級數
試驗結果為
投入金額:600k,基金單位數:51187,基金價值:511.8k,實際獲利率:-14.69%
獲利率變化為
期間 1~12 13~24 25~36 37~48 49~60
1.21% 8.09% 14.41% 7.12% -5.37%
1.81% 8.64% 14.91% 5.92% -6.28%
2.40% 9.18% 15.41% 4.76% -7.17%
2.99% 9.72% 15.91% 3.63% -8.05%
3.57% 10.25% 16.40% 2.53% -8.91%
4.15% 10.79% 16.89% 1.46% -9.76%
4.73% 11.31% 15.32% 0.42% -10.61%
5.30% 11.84% 13.81% -0.60% -11.44%
5.87% 12.36% 12.36% -1.59% -12.26%
6.43% 12.88% 10.98% -2.56% -13.08%
6.99% 13.39% 9.65% -3.52% -13.89%
7.54% 13.90% 8.36% -4.45% -14.69%
第五項設定為,基金淨值由13.631下跌至10再上漲13.631,各為30期的等差級數
試驗結果為
投入金額:600k,基金單位數:51187,基金價值:697.7k,實際獲利率:16.29%
獲利率變化為
期間 1~12 13~24 25~36 37~48 49~60
-0.89% -6.45% -12.47% -5.54% 7.07%
-1.34% -6.93% -12.99% -4.34% 7.98%
-1.79% -7.42% -13.52% -3.18% 8.88%
-2.24% -7.91% -14.05% -2.04% 9.75%
-2.70% -8.40% -14.59% -0.93% 10.62%
-3.16% -8.90% -15.13% 0.15% 11.47%
-3.62% -9.40% -13.61% 1.21% 12.30%
-4.08% -9.90% -12.15% 2.24% 13.12%
-4.55% -10.41% -10.74% 3.24% 13.93%
-5.02% -10.92% -9.37% 4.23% 14.73%
-5.49% -11.43% -8.06% 5.20% 15.51%
-5.97% -11.95% -6.78% 6.14% 16.29%
若稍微整理一下
總金額 總單位數 期末淨值 期末價值 期末獲利率 最大獲利率 最小獲利率
設定一 600k 47099 13.631 642.0k 7.00% 7.00% 7.00%
設定二 600k 51319 13.631 699.5k 16.59% 16.59% 0.61%
設定三 600k 51053 10.000 510.5k -14.91% -0.04% -14.91%
設定四 600k 51187 10.000 511.9k -14.69% 16.89% -14.69%
設定五 600k 51187 13.631 697.7k 16.29% 16.29% -15.13%
或許由以上的計算可以推得一些現象
1. 持續上漲跟持續下跌的獲利率變化,幾乎跟期數成線性關係
的確就如s大所說「越到後期,定期定額對整體成本的影響會越小」
此時影響獲利率的,不是我們投入的定期定額成本
而是淨值的變化,也就是說,買到趨勢對的基金是很重要的
2. 設定一與設定二的淨值雖然都是由10上漲至13.631
但明顯設定二的獲利率較高,主要是因為設定一中想要一直維持7%的獲利率
使得早期基金淨值的上漲幅度較大,但早期所持有的單位數較低
因此,若定期定額一直維持在固定的獲利率,似乎反而不是有效的利用
3. 設定二與設定五的期末淨值都是13.631
但設定五為早期高淨值,經歷低點後又回到13.631
沒想到,兩者的期末獲利率跟最大獲利率都差不多!!!
但設定五在期間經歷了一個-15%的時段,或許真的等久就是你的
4. 設定三與設定四的期末淨值都是10
設定四為早期低淨值,經歷高點後又回到10
我覺得,這一項才是重點!!
也就是設定四曾經有過16%的獲利率,換句話說,適時的停利真的很重要
5. 設定四的期初期末淨值一樣,設定五也是一樣
只是設定四維上下循環,而設定五為下上循環
沒想到,差異這麼大,還是一樣,適時的停利是很重要的
可能以上的試驗方式不夠完善
雖然最後也只是證實了一些大家都知道的事情(囧)
不過我自己因為計算了以上幾種情況後
對於趨勢、停利這兩方面有更多的體認
若文章太長看的太累
就用力鞭吧XD
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※ 編輯: Kennio 來自: 61.228.54.109 (05/12 23:27)
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