[語文] 6/2 邏輯一題
A behavior unusual among animals exists among the white winged chough, a
species of songbird native to Australia that lives in groups of four to twenty.
Such groups sometimes lure away the young of other groups of choughs, feeding
and preening these juveniles and then adopting them into their own group. This
behavior seems contrary to the instinct birds generally exhibit of maximizing
benefits to their own directly related progeny.
Which of the following, if true, most contributes to an explanation of the
white-winged choughs’ behavior?
E) Once juvenile coughs within a group begin to master the skills of finding
food, they spend several years before maturity helping the adults in that group
to feed subsequent broods.
解析
Explain題型基本上是先尋找題幹中的明顯矛盾(paradox, contradiction)，然後運用合理
選項加以說明。
本題首先提示某種烏鴉會引誘別的群體的小烏鴉，然後予以收養(adopt)。但是這樣的行為
看似與鳥類的本能相違背，因為理論上而言，鳥類應該全力照顧自己的子孫(progeny)才正
確。
合理的解釋是E選項。小烏鴉一但學會覓食的技能，在它完全長成(maturity)以前，會幫忙
成鳥(adult)餵養(feed)下一窩(subsequent broods)的幼鳥。這就說明烏鴉把別人家的小鳥
誘拐過來作苦力的功能，同時也說明不違反鳥類的天性，還是以自己的子孫的利益為優先。
本題由江璞老師提供解答
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美加文教101開學季
http://www.merica.com.tw/event/20120901/
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