[新聞] TSMC Considers Running Intel's US Factories After Trump Team Request
原文標題：
TSMC Considers Running Intel's US Factories After Trump Team Request
TSMC would take controlling stake in potential partnership
Administration aims to boost manufacturing of advanced chips
台積電考慮在特朗普團隊請求下運營英特爾的美國工廠
台積電可能在合作中持有控股權
美國政府希望提升先進晶片製造能力
原文連結：
https://tinyurl.com/mrewftsy
發布時間：
2025年2月15日 at 上午2:54
記者署名：
Mackenzie Hawkins and Ian King
原文內容：
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. is considering taking a controlling
stake in Intel Corp.’s factories at the request of Trump administration
officials, a person familiar with the matter said, as the president looks to
boost American manufacturing and maintain US leadership in critical
technologies.
Trump’s team raised the idea of a deal between the two companies in recent
meetings with officials from the Taiwanese chipmaker, the person said, and
TSMC was receptive. It’s unclear whether Intel is open to a transaction.
The talks are in very early stages, and the exact structure of a potential
partnership hasn’t been established. But the intended result would have the
world’s largest made-to-order chipmaker fully operating Intel’s US
semiconductor factories, said the person, who asked not to be identified
because the conversations are private. It also would address concerns about
Intel’s deteriorating financial state, which has forced the company to slash
jobs and curb its global expansion plans.
The arrangement may involve having major American chip designers take equity
stakes, according to the person, along with support from the US government.
That means the venture wouldn’t solely be owned by a foreign company. TSMC is
the go-to chipmaker for Apple Inc., Nvidia Corp. and other companies
developing semiconductors that power AI algorithms.
TSMC and Santa Clara, California-based Intel declined to comment. A White
House representative didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.
Intel shares pared losses on Friday after Bloomberg reported on the
discussions. The stock was down less than 1% to $24 as 1:56 p.m. in New York
after dropping as much as 5.3% earlier in the session.
While Intel has lost a lot of ground to rivals over the last five years, it
still manufactures the most widely used components in the personal computer
and server industries. And it has the largest and most advanced production
network owned by a US-based company. Those factories have taken on vital
strategic importance as Washington works to reverse decades of semiconductor
manufacturing shifting to Asia.
Under former Chief Executive Officer Pat Gelsinger, Intel embarked on an
ambitious and expensive plan to restore its chipmaking lead, and the company
won $7.9 billion in US government funding to support projects in four states.
It’s also secured $3 billion to produce chips for the US military, all of
which will be paid out over time as Intel’s plants hit key milestones. The
company has received $2.2 billion as of January.
But that effort has so far failed to attract enough outside customers to make
the investments worthwhile, particularly at a new site in Ohio. Intel’s own
products also are losing market share, adding to the overall squeeze on its
finances — just when it needs to spend heavily. Gelsinger was forced out in
December after the board lost confidence in his turnaround plans.
Though Intel has reiterated its commitment to investing in US factories —
even as it pulls back from efforts abroad — Washington officials have for
months been discussing contingency plans. One option favored by some in the
Biden administration was a possible deal between Intel and GlobalFoundries Inc
., Bloomberg has reported.
That would have married a maker of older-generation chips with Intel’s
leading-edge business. But GlobalFoundries walked away from cutting-edge
production years ago and doesn’t have the money for an acquisition, so those
conversations didn’t progress much past a thought exercise.
Biden officials also floated the possibility of TSMC licensing its
manufacturing technology for use at Intel’s facilities, according to multiple
people familiar with the conversations. But TSMC wasn’t interested in an
arrangement that could ultimately benefit a competitor, the people said. And
Biden’s team was generally reluctant to take an active role in deal
conversations, according to several people familiar with the situation.
Trump, meanwhile, is not shy about cutting deals — and TSMC, which just held
its board meeting in the US for the first time, is eager to maintain good
relations with the new president.
Trump has repeatedly accused Taiwan of “stealing” the US chip industry and
threatened tariffs on foreign-produced semiconductors. He’s expressed a
preference for using those kinds of levies to boost US chipmaking instead of
government subsidies — the approach adopted by the US Chips and Science Act.
That legislation, passed in 2022, led to TSMC winning $6.6 billion in grants
to support three plants in Phoenix.
But it was also Trump’s first administration that set out to lure TSMC to the
US, and top Trump officials have consistently affirmed their commitment to
boosting domestic manufacturing. That’s particularly true for technologies at
the heart of the US-China competition.
The US “will ensure that the most powerful AI systems are built in the US
with American-designed and manufactured chips,” Vice President JD Vance said
during an AI summit in Paris earlier this week.
The fact that TSMC is open to an Intel deal indicates a change in tune from
just a few months ago. In October, CEO C.C. Wei had told analysts that his
company wasn’t interested in acquiring Intel’s factories.
Asked the same question again in January, Wei didn’t directly answer: “They
are our very good customers,” he said. “I like them and they are very
important to TSMC’s business also. That all I can say.”
— With assistance from Debby Wu and Jenny Leonard
ChatGPT機翻：
台灣積體電路製造公司（台積電）正在考慮在美國政府官員的請求下，持有英特爾公司（
Intel）工廠的控股權，一名知情人士透露。此舉是特朗普政府為了促進美國製造業發展
，並維持美國在關鍵技術領域的領導地位。
該知情人士表示，特朗普團隊最近與台積電高層會面時，提出了這項合作構想，而台積電
對此表示有興趣。目前尚不清楚英特爾是否願意接受這筆交易。
談判仍處於非常初步的階段，潛在合作的具體架構尚未確定。然而，這項計畫的目標是讓
全球最大的晶圓代工企業全面接管英特爾在美國的半導體工廠。該知情人士表示，這也將
有助於緩解市場對英特爾財務狀況惡化的擔憂，該公司近期已被迫裁員並縮減其全球擴張
計畫。
該知情人士表示，這項合作可能會涉及美國主要晶片設計公司持有部分股權，同時獲得美
國政府的支持。這意味著該合資企業不會完全由外國公司持有。
台積電是蘋果公司（Apple Inc.）、輝達公司（Nvidia Corp.）及其他開發人工智慧（AI
）運算晶片企業的主要代工夥伴。
台積電和總部位於加州聖克拉拉的英特爾均拒絕置評。
白宮發言人則尚未回應置評請求。
在彭博社報導相關討論後，英特爾股價周五縮小跌幅。截至美東時間下午 1:56，該公司
股價下跌不到 1%，至 24 美元，此前盤中一度下跌 5.3%。
儘管英特爾在過去五年內大幅落後於競爭對手，但仍然是個人電腦與伺服器產業中最常用
晶片的主要製造商。此外，它擁有美國企業所持有的最大且最先進的半導體生產網絡。隨
著華盛頓試圖扭轉數十年來半導體製造向亞洲轉移的趨勢，這些工廠已成為極具戰略價值
的資產。
在前任執行長帕特·基辛格（Pat Gelsinger）的領導下，英特爾展開了一項雄心勃勃且
高成本的計畫，試圖重奪晶片製造領先地位。該公司獲得了美國政府 79 億美元的資助，
以支持其在四個州的項目。此外，英特爾還獲得 30 億美元資金，用於為美國軍方生產晶
片，這些資金將隨著英特爾工廠達成關鍵里程碑而陸續發放。截至 1 月，英特爾已收到
22 億美元。
然而，這項計畫至今未能吸引足夠的外部客戶，使其投資變得值得，特別是在俄亥俄州的
新廠。與此同時，英特爾自家產品的市場份額也在下滑，進一步加劇了其財務壓力，恰逢
公司正需要大筆支出之際。由於董事會對基辛格的復興計畫失去信心，他在去年 12 月被
迫下台。
儘管英特爾一再強調其對美國工廠投資的承諾——即使同時縮減海外業務——但華盛頓官
員數月來一直在討論備選方案。據《彭博社》報導，拜登政府內部的一些官員曾支持英特
爾與格羅方德（GlobalFoundries Inc.）達成潛在交易的選項。
這項合作將把專注於生產舊世代晶片的公司與英特爾的先進製程業務結合。然而，格羅方
德早已放棄尖端製程，且缺乏資金進行收購，因此這些討論最終未能進一步發展，僅停留
在概念階段。
據多位知情人士透露，拜登政府官員曾提出另一種可能性，即讓台積電授權其製造技術，
供英特爾的工廠使用。然而，知情人士表示，台積電對這種最終可能有利於競爭對手的安
排並不感興趣。此外，據多名消息人士透露，拜登團隊整體上也不願在這類交易談判中積
極介入。
另一方面，川普在推動交易方面向來直言不諱，而台積電近期首次在美國舉行董事會會
議，顯示出其希望與新任總統維持良好關係的意願。
川普多次指責台灣「竊取」美國的晶片產業，並威脅對外國生產的半導體徵收關稅。他傾
向於透過關稅措施來促進美國本土的晶片製造，而非依賴政府補助——這與《美國晶片與
科學法案》的做法不同。該法案於 2022 年通過，並使台積電獲得 66 億美元的補助，用
於支持其在鳳凰城興建的三座工廠。
不過，最早積極吸引台積電赴美設廠的，正是川普的第一屆政府，而川普政府的高層官員
也一直強調其推動國內製造業發展的承諾，特別是那些處於美中競爭核心的關鍵技術。
美國副總統 JD Vance 本週稍早在巴黎舉行的 AI 高峰會上表示，美國「將確保最強大的
人工智慧系統在美國建造，並使用美國設計和製造的晶片」。
台積電對與英特爾合作持開放態度，顯示出與幾個月前相比立場有所轉變。去年 10 月，
台積電執行長魏哲家曾向分析師表示，公司對收購英特爾工廠不感興趣。
而在今年 1 月再次被問及同樣問題時，魏哲家並未直接回答，而是表示：「他們是我們
非常重要的客戶，我很喜歡他們，他們對台積電的業務也非常關鍵。這就是我能說的全部
了。」
心得/評論：
傳出入股英特爾的不只台積電，還會包括美國其他的晶片設計公司，
甚至美國政府也可能入股（有可能是川普說的主權基金，儘管錢不知道從哪來）
而英特爾也未必會接受。
由台積電去年10月至今年1月的回答轉變，這件事可能之前就在私下談了。
--
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