[文法] Present simple "wear 與 today"
Present simple 現在式的用法
我在台灣教英文的時候就一直很賭爛 present simple 被翻成"現在式",然後就一堆學生
甚至老師(!!)認為"阿我要講現在當然就用現在式,既簡單又大方"
[Present simple (或 simple present) 的 "simple" 是指動詞形態 simple,用法可是
一點都不 simple 呀~~]
以下解釋請佐 http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplepresent.html 服用
present simple 用途1:重複性行動 (可以說習慣拉)
如 I play tennis, I play tennis every day, I play tennis on Mondays...
仔細檢查例句裡有提到時間的部分,都會反映這種習慣性
也就是說這用法可以搭配 every morning, every day, every 12 months 等
而不能搭配具指定性且不重複的時間詞,如 today, this morning, 等
邏輯上來說就是 tense 已經表示是重複性行動了,時間詞就不可以跟"重複性"矛盾
(例外是 nagative: the train does NOT leave at 9am = 火車並不在9點發車)
I wear my contacts today 與這一點衝突。
present simple 用途2: 事實
重點在於說話者認為這事實 "... was true before, is true now, and will be true
in the future." 換句話說就是這事實超越時間 (XD)
注意這裡的例句完全沒有與時間詞搭配,實際上也不會與時間詞搭配
I wear my contacts today 與這一點衝突
present simple 用途3: 短期未來(已無變數)的計畫
說話者認為講的東西雖然在未來,但應該已不會變。大多用在交通工具,或其他已有計畫
的行為。
I wear my contacts today 跟這用途完全無關
present simple 用途4: 現在 (僅限 non-continuous verbs)
說話者表示某_狀況_正在發生或現在沒有發生,僅限 non-continuous verbs 以及某些
mixed verbs
non-continuous verbs 包括
abstract verbs - to be , to want, to cost, to seem, to need...
possession verbs - to possess, to own, to belong...
emotion verbs - to like, to love, to hate, to dislike...
mixed verbs 叫做 mixed 是因為有時 normal 有時 non-continuous,但用在 normal
時的意義與 non-continuous 時不一樣(!!)
mixed verbs 包括 to appear, to feel, to have, to hear, to look (!!)...
I wear my contacts today 與這用法衝突,因為 wear 不是 non-continuous
[I look ... today 則不衝突,因為 look 是 mixed verb,有時可以當作 non-
continuous 使用。]
---------
解一個簡單到爆的例句要我寫那麼多,煩死了,下次不解文法了
--
'Cause it's a bittersweet symphony, this life
Trying to make ends meet, You're a slave to money then you die
-Bittersweet Symphony, The Verve
--
※ 編輯: tengharold (70.166.3.190), 08/13/2014 01:21:39
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