[演講] Language switching and aging
https://www.facebook.com/lststudent8/posts/1171509069561003
【專題演講】
講題：Language switching and aging
講者：詹曉蕙 副教授（台灣師範大學英語學系）
時間：2016年5月9日(一)14:00-16:00
地點：中正大學文學院144國際會議廳
摘要:
Language switching--a phenomenon where a speaker mixes
elements from two or more languages in a conversation—
is common in a bilingual society. It has been repeatedly shown
to induce costs in language processing, possibly due to more
efforts in lexical access, grammatical processing, and/or
ntegration of a switched element into a sentence when a
switched word is encountered. Processing models, such as the
Inhibitory Control Model and the Bilingual Interactive Activation
Plus model, have been proposed to account for bilingual
processing in general, and the language switching costs in
particular, by way of the control/activation levels of bilinguals’
two languages. Since language control plays an important role
in language switching, it would be important to explore whether
aging would affect how older people perceive language switching.
Previous behavioral studies have indeed revealed that it is more
difficult for older people to produce switched elements compared
with younger adults, but it remains unclear whether it is also harder
for them to comprehend a sentence mixed with words from two
languages. To address this, we conducted an event-related brain
potential (ERP) study to investigate processing costs in younger and
older bilingual native speakers of Mandarin and Taiwanese.
All participants were right-handed with no reported cognitive deficits
and hearing impairment. They were instructed to listen to sentences
for comprehension. The sentences were manipulated by the cloze
probability (how predictable a word was) and language non-/switch
(whether the sentence included words from two languages) of the
sentence-final word to create four experimental conditions:
Mandarin-Mandarin (non-switched), Taiwanese-Taiwanese
(non-switched), Mandarin-Taiwanese (switched) and Taiwanese-
Mandarin (switched). We found that, compared with younger adults,
older people seemed to be less sensitive to language switching, as
indicated by smaller or null effects in the PMN (phonological mapping
negativity), N400 and LPC, suggesting that aging also affects
comprehension of language switching in normal elderly.
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