[演講] Multiple temporal contrasts in a two-tense system: Verna
https://www.ling.sinica.edu.tw/main/zh-tw?/sign/0914
Multiple temporal contrasts in a two-tense system: Vernacular Atayalic
Japanese
日期：2026-09-14（一）10:00~12:00
主講人：陳思瑋 助研究員
會議地點：中央研究院人文社會科學館（南棟5樓519會議室）
摘要
This talk presents part of a paper co-authored with Gan-ling Tan; beyond the
issues addressed here, the paper also investigates the system’s emergence in
a language-contact setting. We revisit the assumption that a language
instantiates a single, uniform tense contrast through an examination of Han-
hsi, a variety of Vernacular Atayalic Japanese spoken in northeastern Taiwan
and shaped by bi-/multilingualism. On the surface, Han-hsi exhibits multiple
temporal patterns: a past/non-past contrast, a three-way contrast, a non-
future/future contrast, and a tenseless pattern. We argue that the
distribution of these patterns is conditioned mainly by predicate type and
clause polarity. Based on targeted semantic fieldwork and a comparison of
relevant Han-hsi forms with their Japanese counterparts, we show that -ta
functions as a portmanteau exponent of past tense and perfective aspect,
whereas forms corresponding to Japanese non-past functional morphology are
temporally unmarked, with the sole exception of a negator that has developed a
prospective use. The bounded aspectual readings observed when stative
predicates combine with -ta or verbalizers provide evidence that these
predicates are coerced into eventives. We propose that Han-hsi minimally
requires two tense morphemes—the past -ta and a presupposition-free null
tense—and that the distribution of these tense morphemes and the prospective
negator follows from general principles of pragmatic competition. This account
explains the full range of surface temporal patterns more successfully and
parsimoniously than alternatives that either treat -ta as the sole tense
morpheme or posit a richer tense inventory.
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