[分享] 托福閱讀：快速破解同義句子題的方法

看板TOEFL_iBT (TOEFL_iBT托福)作者liamasso (字神帝國)時間11年前 (2015/05/28 10:32)推噓0(0推 0噓 0→)

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大家好，我是字神帝國的康老師，今天想和大伙分享如何快速作對同義句改寫題同義句改寫題，就是閱讀吃時間的大怪獸，因為這種考題的原文的句子一定很長，而且句構複雜， ETS就是要考你從霧裡看花的能力。所以從細讀懂原句，再看四個選項：一一細讀與原句比較，同學也許常常讀到第二個選項，又忘了原句了。><” 再回原句讀，再回來看選項，這題像鬼打牆一樣讓人討厭。所以經過TPO1-36套與OG十篇，新托福己有上百篇的真題，一題一題地將這種題型研究下來，研究出好幾種解題技巧，其中有些快速破題技巧真的是蠻好用的。今天就要來與大伙分享一個超好用的技巧。不多廢話，大伙趕緊來學起來。首先：同義句改寫題的題目都長一樣，所以大家看過一遍就好，考場就不要再浪費時間看了。大家先來讀讀題目： Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. 題目中其實有強烈提示技巧哦，就是這句：best expresses the essential information 我們要從原句的essential資訊，來選答案，所以反推：只要選項有非essential的資訊就是錯誤選項，就能立馬刪除。沒錯，太棒了，大家都學會，但…等等，那什麼是非必要的資訊？是我們國中文法中學會的三種從屬子句(名詞、形容詞、副詞子句)，都非必要嗎? 那是限定形容詞子句是必要嗎，非限定形容詞子句就不必要嗎? 這邊要和大家說的，這的必不必要判斷，不適合用自己的文法知識來判斷，因為容易誤判所以剛說過經過100多篇的真題分析下來，我們才能了解ETS真正的想法，這樣解題才能放心。經過研究後，我們發現ETS覺得，有逗點(含括號或破折號)的插入補充成份，而且是這補充是舉例的話，這就是ETS判定為一定非必要的成份，所以選項中有就能快速刪除。 ● , 舉例 , → 100% 刪 ● 註解：含插入成份不同詞性的衍生字也要註：原文eroding → 選項 erosion ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 來舉例，相信大家能更清楚。（TPO13）BIOLOGICAL CLOCKS 這題，原句有：, such as temperature,所以是100%刪所以選項(A)：有such as temperature → 刪選項(C)：有such as temperature → 刪選項(D)：有temperature → 刪所以正解為(B) （TPO13）BIOLOGICAL CLOCKS Indeed, stability of the biological clock's period is one of its major features, even when the organism's environment is subjected to considerable changes in factors, such as temperature, that would be expected to affect biological activity strongly. ○ Stability, a feature of the biological clock's period, depends on changeable factors such as temperature. ○ A major feature of the biological clock is that its period does not change despite significant changes in the environment. ○ A factor such as temperature is an important feature in the establishment of the biological clock's period. ○ Biological activity is not strongly affected by changes in temperature. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS (TPO 17-3) 這題，原句有：(insects, birds) ，判斷是前面的pollinators的例子 → 所以是100%刪所以選項(B)：有birds → 刪選項(C)：有birds → 刪選項(D)：有insects → 刪所以正解為(A) SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS (TPO 17-3) In the second case, pollinators (insects, birds) obtain food from the flowering plant, and the plant has its pollen distributed and seeds dispersed much more efficiently than they would be if they were carried by the wind only. ○ The relationship between flowering plants and pollinators provides pollinators with food and flowers with efficient reproduction. ○ In some cases birds obtain food from the seeds that are dispersed in the wind. ○ The wind not only helps the flowers distribute their seeds but enables birds to find more food. ○ Animals and insects are more effective in distributing pollen and seeds than the wind. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Electricity from Wind (Online Test) 這題，原句有：(especially hawks, falcons, and eagles)，判斷是前面的birds of prey獵鷹的例子 → 所以是100%刪所以選項(A)：有Hawks, falcons, and eagles → 刪選項(D)：有hawks, falcons, and eagles → 刪這時還有BC，雖無法直接刪，但己刪兩個選項，所以時間也省一半了，這題正解為(C) Electricity from Wind (Online Test) Large wind farms might also interfere with the flight patterns of migratory birds in certain areas, and they have killed large birds of prey (especially hawks, falcons, and eagles) that prefer to hunt along the same ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines. ○ Hawks, falcons, and eagles prefer to hunt along ridge lines, where wind turbines can kill large numbers of migratory birds. ○ Wind turbines occasionally cause migratory birds to change their flight patterns and therefore may interfere with the areas where birds of prey prefer to hunt. ○ Some of the best locations for large wind farms are places that may cause problems for migrating birds and birds of prey. ○ Large wind farms in certain areas kill hawks, falcons, and eagles and thus might create a more ideal path 漂亮的PDF版，更適合閱讀，歡迎在此下載：https://goo.gl/dzzVlF TOEFL學習團托福JJ情報資源、問題探討、考試情報交流 https://goo.gl/yr0NPS GMAT學習團每月GMAT數學、閱讀、邏輯機經整理、問題探討、考試情報交流 https://goo.gl/GYbTNs GRE學習團 GRE機經整理、情報資源、問題探討、考試情報交流 https://goo.gl/t9rQTD -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 220.135.2.166 ※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/TOEFL_iBT/M.1432780356.A.71A.html