Re: [請益] GDP三種算法

看板Economics (經濟學)作者HotAirFlow (熱流)時間13年前 (2012/12/15 23:57)推噓1(1推 0噓 0→)

留言1則, 1人參與討論串2/2 (看更多)

※ 引述《chris1 (小刀)》之銘言： : on an island in the indian ocean, people grow coconuts, and : import fertilizers. A merchant manages all the farms. This year, they : used $15,000 fertilizers(imported that year) and grew $75,000 coconuts. : The merchant pays $30,000 to the landlord. Since last year was a year of : good harvest, the merchant of the village kept $5,000 coconuts as inventory. : This year, the merchant ends up selling the coconuts in stock for $15,000. : Therefore, the total value of coconuts consumed is $90,000 this year. What : was the island's GDP for this year? Please come up with the result by : (i) the product approach : (ii) the expenditure approach : (iii) income approach : 搞不懂的點是，到底是不是消費了90000呢? 但今年明明只收成了75000不是嗎... : 題目的意思是還有加去年的5000嗎? 但加起來也才80000而已...搞不懂怎麼來的 : 九萬，而且，那個15000，是賣剩下來，當今年的存貨嗎？ : 我的想法是，假如九萬是錯的，那 : (i) 75000，因今年度就只生產出這75000的coconuts，要再扣進口15000嗎? : (ii) C=75000+5000-15000=65000 I=15000-5000=10000 M=15000 : GDP=65000+10000-15000=60000 : (iii) 30000(farmers)+30000(landlord)=60000 : 不知道這樣對不對呢？請幫幫忙，感恩以下用詞，很多和教科書上的不太一樣 (i) GDP = GVA (tax and subsidy is not mentioned) GVA = Σoutput - Σintermediate consumption = total output of coconut production and rental activities minus cost of fertilizers and rent = (75,000 + 30,000) - (15,000 + 30,000) = 60,000 Therefore, GDP = GVA = 60,000 (ii) GDP = Final consumption expenditure + GCF + net export = the total value of coconuts consumed (incl. export) plus changes in inventories minus import (GFCF is not mentioned) = 90,000 + (X-15,000) - 15,000 = 90,000 + (-15,000) - 15,000 (X = output of coconut production minus (total value of coconuts consumed minus value of coconuts sold in stock) = 75,000 - (90,000 - 15,000) = 0 ) = 60,000 消費的九萬，包括當年產出的，與之前的存貨之前存貨的價值有多少，題目並沒有交待我們只知道前一年存貨增加的價值為五千題目先給定售出存貨的價值為一萬五，不管消費給多少，GDP 仍然是六萬 (a) 如果消費等於九萬，表示當年生產的椰子全部賣出，即上述 X = 0，存貨變化為 -15,000 GDP = 90,000 + (-15,000) - 15,000 = 60,000 (b) 如果消費小於九萬，表示當年生產的椰子沒有賣完而成為存貨，即上述 X > 0，存貨變化為 X-15,000，消費為 90,000-X， GDP = (90,000-X) + (X-15,000) - 15,000 = 60,000 (c) 如果消費大於九萬，表示當年生產的椰子不僅賣完，商人還進口其他地方生產的椰子，即上述 X 屬於進口的項目， GDP = (90,000+X) + (-15,000) - (15,000+|X|) = 60,000 (iii) GDP = gross operating surplus and mixed income plus compensation of employees (tax and subsidy is not mentioned) = GVA - compensation of employees plus compensation of employees = GVA = 60,000 地主的租金收入為 30,000 商人與農夫的收入總和為毛利 = 銷售 - 銷貨成本(肥料 + 租金 - 存貨變化) = 90,000 - (15,000 + 30,000 - (-15,000)) = 30,000 -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 118.171.115.236