[考試] Welfare Economics

看板Economics (經濟學)作者Jjlinn (Jjlinn)時間3年前 (2021/04/13 04:05)推噓1(1推 0噓 1→)

留言2則, 2人參與討論串1/1

來源: 資格考考古題科目:Welfare economics 問題:Consider an economy with one consumer, one producer, and a government. The consumer has Cobb-Douglas preferences for cigarettes and leisure. Suppose the consumer has an endowment of time and can allocate time to producing cigarettes to earn a wage. The producer uses a decreasing returns-to-scale production process using only labor, is taking prices, and profit maximizing. Suppose the government taxes both labor and cigarettes, though at different per unit tax rates. Government revenues are transferred by a lump-sum transfer, back to consumers. a. Define notation and characterize the competitive equilibrium of the setting described. Within your notation, solve for the competitive equilibrium allocation of labor, etc. b. Using the model in part a, write down an equation that characterizes the marginal (general equilibrium) change in welfare from a marginal change in the cigarette tax in light of the pre-existing tax on labor. Explain the terms in the formula using simple language. c. Suppose a colleague claims that given that the above setting assumes a perfectly competitive market it follows that the optimal cigarette tax must be zero. Is that logic correct? Explain your answer. d. Now, suppose cigarette consumption reduces labor productivity. Introduce this externality into your notation used in parts a-c, and derive the optimal tax in this new setting. Explain the logic of this new equilibrium. 我的想法: 抱歉請教版上的高手們!小妹沒有學過福利經濟學，無相關經濟學背景，但不小心念了經濟博...此為個經的考古題，內容涉及到福利經濟學的部分，完全不知道要如何回答... 先謝謝願意回答的人了! -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 111.240.70.187 (臺灣) ※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Economics/M.1618257952.A.8E0.html