[文法] 先行詞the way可以用that代替?
大家好,請問一下
That is the way in which I study.
這句也可以寫成That is the way that I study.
其中的that還可以省略。
想請問:
在這裡in which怎麼可以等同that?因為that代替的先行詞應該不包含介系詞才是?
而且照這邏輯,關係子句還原會變成I study that=I study the way,但應該是
I study in the way 才對吧?確實少了一個介系詞in啊。
除非I study in the way也可以寫成I study the way,
亦即the way要可以當副詞用。
請教一下,謝謝!
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感謝K大、D大,和後面回覆的P大,重新整理如下:
the way I study可以理解成由以下而來:
1. the way (that) I study
2. the way (in which) I study
1.的問題是,that當關係子句的受詞時確實可以省略,但這樣會有
一個介系詞憑空消失了(此例中是in)。
2.的問題是,the way in which I study在結構上完全合理,但若轉換為the way I
study,就表示in which要省略掉,但省略「介系詞+關係代名詞」在一般關係子句中是不
對的。
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where, when, why, how這四個關係副詞裡,
我發現where, when, why這幾個關係副詞也似乎都不能用that取代,原因在于他們的用法
是:
at/in/on the place
at/in/on the time
for the reason
如果用that取代,就又會犯了先行詞裏的介係詞憑空消失的問題。
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how這個關係副詞更特別,連the way how這種連用都不行。
但where, when, why却可以這樣用:
the place where
the time when
the reason why
========
the reason why如果用why代替,意思是一樣的,但結構會有不同:
this is the reason why I come here. ---> why I come here是形容詞子句
this is why I come here. ---> why I come here是名詞子句,當補語。
再從Swan的牛津英語用法指南 p.107 可見:
http://i.imgur.com/nTonvR9.jpg

the reason why 之類的連用是正式用法,只用...why是非正式用法。
=====
可能解答:
(1)
A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language p.1254-1256,
where, when, why這幾個關係副詞裡,書上有提到:
http://i.imgur.com/DJDA3Dy.jpg



看起來when和「the reason」是可以用that代替,並且不需要另外加介系詞。
特別的是,他說the reason why顯得累贅;the reason for which少用且奇怪,建議用
the reason that或只用reason或why就好。
至於where,我看書上前面的例子,不管是用that取代或是省略掉,都還是有保留介系詞
的。
(2)
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/that
that
a : at which : in which : on which : by which : with which : to which
<each year that the lectures are given>
b : according to what : to the extent of what —used after a negative <has
never been here that I know of>
從韋氏詞典的解釋來看,that真的可以等於
at which in which on which by which with which to which
※ 編輯: scju (36.226.134.72), 09/28/2016 19:56:27
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D大你好,當初只是想說把自己的想法整理讓你知道,並不是說我認為是你錯的QQ
事實上,從韋氏詞典那個解釋就說明了that確實可以當「介系詞+關係代名詞」來用。
※ 編輯: scju (36.226.134.72), 09/29/2016 00:39:09
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再參考
https://www.englishforums.com/English/ReplaceRelativeAdverbs/vcbxl/post.htm
※ 編輯: scju (111.248.146.66), 01/10/2017 23:01:11
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