[語文] PP CR 裡的一個片語
請問 PP1 CR-15 和 CR-27
選項裡出現的 weigh against
要怎麼翻譯呢?
是 support 還是 weaken, 還是有其他意思?
謝謝!
15. (26883-!-item-!-188;#058&002985) [GWD #29-Q28]
Astronomer: Observations of the Shoemaker-Levi comet on its collision course
with Jupiter showed that the comet broke into fragments before entering
Jupiter's atmosphere in 1994, but they did not show how big those fragments
were. In hopes of gaining some indication of the fragments' size,
astronomers studied spectrographic analyses of Jupiter's outer atmosphere.
These analyses revealed unprecedented traces of sulfur after the fragments'
entry. The fragments themselves almost certainly contained no sulfur, but
many astronomers believe that the cloud layer below Jupiter's outer
atmosphere does contain sulfur. Since sulfur would have seeped into the
outer atmosphere if comet fragments had penetrated this cloud layer, it is
likely that some of the fragments were at least large enough to have passed
through Jupiter's outer atmosphere without being burned up.
In the astronomer's argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the
following roles?
(A) The first presents a circumstance for which the astronomer offers an
explanation; the second is part of that explanation.
(B) The first acknowledges a consideration that weighs against the conclusion
of the argument; the second is that conclusion.
(C) The first acknowledges a consideration that weighs against the conclusion
of the argument; the second provides evidence in support of that conclusion.
(D) The first provides evidence in support of the conclusion of the argument;
the second acknowledges a consideration that weighs against that conclusion.
(E) The first is a judgment advanced in support of the conclusion of the
argument; the second is that conclusion.
27. (31231-!-item-!-188;#058&004411)
Plant scientists have used genetic engineering on seeds to produce crop
plants that are highly resistant to insect damage. Unfortunately, the seeds
themselves are quite expensive, and the plants require more fertilizer and
water to grow well than normal ones. Thus, for most farmers the savings on
pesticides would not compensate for the higher seed costs and the cost of
additional fertilizer. However, since consumer demand for grains, fruits,
and vegetables grown without the use of pesticides continues to rise, the use
of genetically engineered seeds of this kind is likely to become widespread.
In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the
following roles?
(A) The first supplies a context for the argument; the second is the
argument's main conclusion.
(B) The first introduces a development that the argument predicts will have a
certain outcome; the second is a state of affairs that the argument denies
will be part of that outcome.
(C) The first presents a development that the argument predicts will have a
certain outcome; the second acknowledges a consideration that weighs against
that prediction.
(D) The first provides evidence to support a prediction that the argument
seeks to defend; the second is that prediction.
(E) The first and the second each provide evidence to support the argument's
main conclusion.
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