[分享] GMAT SC: which VS that

看板GMAT (GMAT入學考試)作者MUTOH33 (武藤華)時間4年前 (2020/08/23 09:39)推噓0(0推 0噓 0→)

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FB 完整版: https://reurl.cc/8nnMRg 網頁版: https://reurl.cc/e88Mnx 到底要用which還是that? 嗨各位～我是Lily。最近很多同學在題目中遇到which vs that的問題。接下來，我們用 GMAT角度來看看which 跟 that各自的特徵。注意在探討用法時應盡量依據該題目語意分析! 先說結論: which/that 並不是 GMAT 首要考點，在這裡主要是以補充方式，培養同學基本修飾的語感。但 that/which 通常不會是 GMAT 優先考點喔! 1. 非限定和限定的關係 (1) I avoid dogs, which appear too excited. (2) I avoid dogs that appear too excited. 第一句的 which，說明 dogs “generally”來說就是 too excited，這是屬於非限定的用法。句意為: 我怕狗，狗大多都是 too excited。第二句的 that，特別指定 “too excited” 的狗，這是屬於限定的用法。句意為: 我怕 “too excited” 的這群狗。 2. 修飾位置比較 which “優先”修飾最接近的名詞，而 that 則可以跳過補充資訊，修飾前面主要資訊我們拿兩題 SC 來做驗證: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ By merging its two publishing divisions, the company will increase their share of the country's $21 billion book market from 6 percent to 10 percent, a market ranging from obscure textbooks to mass-market paperbacks. A. their share of the country's $21 billion book market from 6 percent to 10 percent, a market ranging B. from 6 percent to 10 percent its share of the $21 billion book market in the country, which ranges C. to 10 percent from 6 percent in their share of the $21 billion book market in the country, a market ranging D. in its share, from 6 percent to 10 percent, of the $21 billion book market in the country, which ranges E. to 10 percent from 6 percent its share of the country's $21 billion book market, which ranges ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 這題 A, C 的 their 沒有指代對象，而 “which ranges from obscure textbooks to mass-market paperbacks”，就句意而言絕對要指代 “book market”，而不是” country”，所以正確答案 (E) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ The organic food industry has organized a successful grassroots campaign – using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings – that have convinced the Department of Agriculture to change the proposed federal regulations for organically grown food. A. using Web sites, public meetings, and also mass mailings – that have convinced B. using Web sites, public meetings, and mass mailings – that has convinced ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 這題的 “that have/has convinced”，可以跳過中間破折號的補充資訊，直接修飾 “ grassroots campaign”，而指代對象為單數，所以答案選 (B) “that has convinced” 。 -- Lily GMAT/TOEFL/IELTS: https://www.facebook.com/groups/2231123923826773/ GMAT 一戰 730 (V40), TOEFL 一戰 115 -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 49.216.190.3 (臺灣) ※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/GMAT/M.1598146789.A.25A.html ※ 編輯: MUTOH33 (49.216.190.3 臺灣), 08/23/2020 09:40:24