[演講] Exclusive predicatehood of weak quantifiers in Formosan
https://www.ling.sinica.edu.tw/main/zh-tw?/sign/0516talk
Exclusive predicatehood of weak quantifiers in Formosan languages
日期：2022-05-16 10:00~12:00
主講人：張永利 (研究員)
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摘要
Sinica Linguistics talk, 16 May 2022
Exclusive predicatehood of weak quantifiers in Formosan languages
Henry Y. Chang
Academia Sinica
Abstract
Following Chang (2023), this paper deals with the syntax/semantics of weak
quantifiers (i.e. noun phrases headed by cardinal numerals, adjectival
quantifiers, negative quantifiers, or interrogative quantifiers) in Formosan
languages. It is observed that (i) weak quantifiers typically occur
exclusively as the predicate of a subject/topic; (ii) in contrast, strong
quantifiers (i.e. noun phrases led by demonstratives, universal quantifiers,
proportional quantifiers) are not subject to the restriction; (iii) the
exclusive predicatehood of weak quantifiers is a typological feature of
Formosan languages. Meanwhile, it is argued what looks like a modifier turns
out to be a subordinate predicate. This basically aligns Formosan languages
with Turkish and Nepali as a language with Existence Schema (cf. Zeitoun et al
. 1999; Bril 2020), as opposed to the Action Schema language like English and
Chinese (cf. Heine 1997; Stassen 2009). Miner deviations from this typological
feature are only attested in Saisiyat and Puyuma (cf. Teng 2014). In addition
to the traditional applications of the strong-weak distinction (e.g.,
Definiteness Effect in existentials, noun incorporation), this study adds one
more testimony to its applications on the one hand and elevates it to a new
height of typological significance (cf. Milsark 1977; Safir 1982; Keenan 1987;
Diesing 1992; McNally 1997, 1998, 2020).
Keywords: weak quantifiers, strong quantifiers, predicate, modifier, existence
schema, typology, Formosan languages.
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