Re: [問題] 生物問題請教

看板post-b.test (後中西醫考試)作者skypons (低調)時間13年前 (2011/02/20 19:49)推噓0(0推 0噓 0→)

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※ 引述《bluemagpie (貞心相廷)》之銘言： : 標題: 生物問題請教 : 時間: Sun Feb 20 17:58:31 2011 : : 想請問大家幾題升物問題 : 1. For the processing of visual information in the central nervous system of : humans, the neuronal projections of ganglion cells to the left and right lateral : geniculate nuclei (LGN) are 那麼我幫你翻譯一下好了在人類中樞神經系統的視覺資訊處理過程中，位於左側與右側側膝核負責神經投射的神經節細胞是︰ : A) all ipsilateral, meaning that left eye projections stay on the left side : of the brain, and vice versa. 都是負責同一側的，意思就是說，左側的視覺投射由左邊的腦負責，右側之亦然 : B) all contralateral, meaning that left eye projections project to the right : side of the brain, and vice versa. 都是負責不同側的，意思就是說，左邊的視覺投射往右邊的大腦傳導，右側之亦然 : C) ipsilateral for the temporal side of each retina, and contralateral for : the nasal side of each retina. 靠近顳端的的視網膜都是負責不同側，而靠近鼻端的視網膜則負責同側的視覺投射 : D) ipsilateral for the nasal side of each retina, and contralateral for the : temporal side of each retina. 靠近鼻端的視網膜負責不同側，靠近顳端的視網膜負責同側的視覺投射 : E) randomly crossed in terms of which side of the retina projects to either : the left or right side of the brain. : Answer: C 視覺投射以隨機的方式投射向左側或右側的大腦基本上解這題只要有視交叉(optical chiasma)的觀念就可以了參考這張圖 http://physiology1.org/media/original/00736.jpg

鼻端和顳端意思就是把視網膜的投射範圍一分為二假設右眼視網膜，顳側就是靠近右邊的一半；鼻端就是靠近左側左顳左鼻右瞭解了這些，再對照圖就很清楚了 : 2.Experiments with genetically altered mice showed that the mice would consume : abnormally high amounts of bitter-tasting compounds in water after their : A) hormone receptors for digestive hormones were reduced or eliminated, : showing that bitter tastes are reinforced by digestive responses. : B) salt-taste cells were altered to express receptors for bitter tastants, : suggesting that animals have unregulated salt appetites. : C) visual sense was reduced or eliminated, suggesting that mice learn visual : cues about bitter tastes. : D) olfactory sense was reduced or eliminated, suggesting that mice learn odor : cues about bitter tastes. : E) sweet-taste cells were altered to express receptors for bitter tastants, : suggesting that the sensation of taste depends only on which taste cell is stimulated. : Answer: E 這題很簡單，只是問你說用基因工程的方式去改變小白鼠的基因構造，之後發現小白鼠不斷地去攝食含高量苦味物質的水，這是為什麼？ A. hormone受器減少或消失，導致苦味增強消化作用......很明顯無關 B. 鹹味受器被改變，成為對苦味的受器.....看到這就可以了，離題胡謅 C. 視覺.....................離題 D. 嗅覺感減少或消失，小鼠藉苦味去學習氣味訊息........不確定，繼續看 E. 甜味受器被改變而去對苦味做表現，因此味覺只依賴被刺激的受器....不確定牽涉到一點行為制約反應的話，小鼠會一直去喝苦水，表示這是一個能增強其行為的事件那麼就選項看來D或E，只有E的選項有牽涉到甜味的味覺受器改變，而甜味亦是一種獎賞機制。就生物學的觀點，E選項敘述也是正確的，就像阿斯巴甜，與葡萄糖一點關係都沒有只是一種可以跟甜味受器結合的胺基酸，但僅此就能引發甜味的受器產生神經衝動引發甜味 : 其實我是連題目都看不太懂 : 想請教各位高手幫幫忙 : 誠心感謝 : : -- : ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) : ◆ From: 125.231.99.243 -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 61.64.175.21 ※ 編輯: skypons 來自: 61.64.175.21 (02/20 19:53) ※ 編輯: skypons 來自: 61.64.175.21 (02/20 20:04)