[轉錄] calque

看板Linguistics (語言學習)作者ostracize (bucolic)時間1周前 (2026/06/17 20:45)推噓0(0推 0噓 0→)

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The Japanese word for “calque” — a loan translation where a phrase is translated part-by-part — is: ### 1. **借訳** (しゃくやく, *shakuyaku*) This is the standard linguistic term. 借 = borrow, 訳 = translation. Example: English “skyscraper” → Japanese 摩天楼 *matenrō* is a 借訳 of Chinese 摩天樓, which was itself a calque. ### 2. **翻訳借用** (ほんやくしゃくよう, *hon’yaku shakuyō*) More literal: “translation borrowing”. Used in academic writing. ### 3. **カルク** (karuku) Direct katakana loan from French/English “calque”. Used when talking about the linguistic concept in textbooks. **Which one to use?** If you're writing a paper or talking to linguists → 借訳. If you're just explaining the idea casually → カルク works fine. Related: A loanword that keeps the sound instead of translating meaning is 借用語 *shakuyōgo* or 外来語 *gairaigo*. -- 傳道書1:5 日出，日落，緊緊走倒轉伊所出來的所在。根據台日大辭典，【日-出(變調+本調)】【日落(本調+本調)】【月出(本調+本調)】。 https://sutian.moe.edu.tw/zh-hant/su/24199/ -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 220.136.199.251 (臺灣) ※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Linguistics/M.1781700310.A.AA7.html ※ 編輯: ostracize (220.136.199.251 臺灣), 06/17/2026 20:46:26