Re: [分享] 剛打好的104學測數學
※ 引述《diego99 (誰是我的小天使?!)》之銘言:
: http://ppt.cc/NEPQ
: 這是剛剛打好的104學測數學科,
: 這次測驗的重點似乎較放在細心部分,
: 閱讀題目的部份就不用說了,
: 在計算方面也給了一些可能讓學生不是很喜歡的數字。
: 這邊根補教答案不一樣的地方是第9題,
: 因為我認為此題並沒有特別提出標準位置角。
: 其他的題目可能有更好的作法,
: 一起討論吧^^
關於逆時針角度為正這個規定其實有點硬
現在如果反其道而行,規定順時針的角度為正
其他照舊,比如說有向角的始邊依然躺在正x軸
那麼對於一個銳角θ (0<θ<π/2)
它的終邊會躺在第四象限
根據目前對於三角函數的定義
sinθ=y/r
cosθ=x/r
馬上產生問題
第四象限 y 是負的,因此sinθ變成負的
但這就跟以前學的銳角 sin 值是正的產生矛盾
因此要嘛修改現今三角函數的定義
要嘛重新定義平面座標系,例如y軸向下為正
但是 x=rcosθ,y=rsinθ 這看起來非常自然有美感
這也是三角函數擺脫三角形進入解析幾何的第一步
變更直角座標系的規定難度更高
而且通常都是後面的定義遷就前面的定義
所以有向角逆時針為正這件事幾乎沒有商量餘地
不管是數學社群或是物理社群都是以逆時針為正
不過有些定義的確不同社群有不同的定義
例如球座標系
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_coordinate_system
數學家偏好用θ代表方位角,因為這保留了平面極座標 r,θ的用法
但是物理學家偏好用ψ代表方位角,θ代表天頂角
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