Re: [問題] 兄弟間染色體的相似度
看板Biology (生物學)作者phenil (生日又要倒數了...慶祝??)時間15年前 (2009/07/22 11:41)推噓7(7推 0噓 77→)留言84則, 3人參與討論串5/6 (看更多)
前幾篇文章說的觀念叫 Hamilton rule,
用來計算relatedness coefficient (r),
在一般二倍體的情況下相當簡單(因為來自父母的貢獻大致相等),
父母對下一代的基因貢獻度都是0.5,
那兄弟間就會變成 r = (0.5^2+0.5^2)=0.5
(因為你和父親只有一半基因相同,你弟弟也是一樣,
所以來自父親的基因貢獻只有0.5^2,母親方面也是一樣)
再來看堂兄弟間呢?
由於你們具有相同基因的可能性只來自於你們祖父母,
也就是你母親對你堂弟,或是你嬸嬸對你的基因貢獻度都是0,
你來自祖父的基因只有0.5 x 0.5 = 0.25,堂弟也一樣,
所以你們的 r = 0.25^2 + 0.25^2 = 0.125
或是由父親和叔叔那邊推論也可以,
你和你父親的 r = 0.5,父親和叔叔間也是0.5,叔叔和堂弟間也是0.5,
所以最後就變成 r = 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.125
所以真正的譜系圖應該是(XD...bbs上圖很難畫.......)
┌──→■ □←─┐
│ | | │
│ └─────┐┌─────┘ │
│ 0.5 ││0.5 │
0.25│ ↓↓ │0.25
│ ┌───────────┐ │
│ ↓ 0.5 ↓ │
□ │ ■←─────────→■ │ □
└──┐│┌──┘ └──┐│┌──┘
0.5│││0.5 0.5│││0.5
↓↓↓ 0.125 ↓↓↓
■ ←────────────────→ ■
所有線段的數字都是代表兩者間的relatedness coefficient
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