[新聞] 川習尋求TikTok問題取得突破以打破僵局

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原文標題：Trump, Xi seek TikTok win to break US-China gridlock 原文連結：https://tinyurl.com/3m6b5vhd 發布時間：September 19, 2025 9:19 PM GMT+8 記者署名：Trevor Hunnicutt 原文內容： WASHINGTON, Sept 19 (Reuters) - Presidents Donald Trump and Xi Jinping spoke by phone on Friday, Chinese state media and a U.S. official said, as they seek an agreement to help keep the video app TikTok online in the U.S. and ease tensions between two superpowers locked in a standoff over trade. 華盛頓，9 月 19 日（路透社）——據中國官媒與一位美國官員表示，美國總統川普與中國國家主席習近平週五通話，雙方尋求達成一項協議，讓 TikTok 能繼續在美國上線，並緩和這兩個在貿易上陷入僵局的超級大國之間的緊張關係。 A possible deal was at the top of the agenda alongside trade for the leaders' first known call in three months, which began at 8 a.m. Eastern time (1200 GMT ), the official said. 該官員表示，這是兩位領導人三個月來首次已知的通話，於美東時間上午 8 點（格林威治時間 1200 點）開始，TikTok 潛在協議與貿易問題同列為首要議題。 The report from Chinese state broadcaster CCTV did not provide any details of the conversation and the White House did not immediately respond to a request for comment. 中國央視的報導並未提供通話細節，而白宮也沒有立即回應評論請求。 Trump and Xi's effort to steady relations coincides with discussions on a potential in-person summit between Xi and Trump during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit in South Korea on October 30-November 1, Reuters has reported. 據路透社報導，川普與習近平試圖穩定關係的努力，恰逢雙方正在討論於 10 月 30 日至 11 月 1 日在韓國舉行的亞太經合會（APEC）峰會期間舉行可能的雙邊峰會。 Beijing's final approval of a framework deal reached by the two sides earlier this week is one of the hurdles Trump needed to clear to keep TikTok open. Congress had ordered the app shut down for U.S. users by January 2025 if its U .S. assets weren't sold by Chinese owner ByteDance. 北京對雙方本週稍早達成的一項框架協議的最終批准，是川普為了讓 TikTok 繼續營運所需跨越的一道障礙。美國國會此前已規定，如果中國母公司字節跳動不出售 TikTok 的美國資產，該應用程式必須在 2025 年 1 月前對美國用戶關閉。 Trump has declined to enforce the law while his administration looks for a new owner, but also because he worries a ban on the app would anger TikTok's huge user base and disrupt political communications. 川普拒絕立即執行這項法律，理由是政府仍在尋找新的買家，同時他也擔心封禁該應用會激怒龐大的 TikTok 用戶群，並干擾政治傳播。 "I like TikTok; it helped get me elected," Trump said during a press conference on Thursday. "TikTok has tremendous value. The United States has that value in its hand because we're the ones that have to approve it." 川普在週四的記者會上表示：「我喜歡 TikTok，它幫助我當選。TikTok 有巨大的價值，而美國掌握了這個價值，因為最後的批准權在我們手上。」 Key questions about the deal remain. It's not clear the precise ownership structure of the company, how much control China will retain or whether Congress will approve. 有關協議的關鍵問題仍未解決。公司具體的股權結構、中國將保留多少控制權、以及國會是否會批准，目前仍不明朗。 The deal would transfer TikTok's U.S. assets to U.S. owners from ByteDance, Reuters has reported. Sources familiar with the deal said U.S. TikTok would still make use of ByteDance's algorithm. 據路透社報導，該協議將把 TikTok 的美國資產從字節跳動轉交給美國持有人。知情人士表示，美國 TikTok 仍將使用字節跳動的演算法。 That arrangement worries lawmakers concerned that Beijing could spy on Americans or conduct influence operations through the app. China has said there is no evidence of a national security threat posed by the app. 這種安排令部分議員擔憂，北京可能利用該應用監視美國人或進行影響力操作。中國則表示，沒有證據顯示該應用構成國安威脅。 TRUMP HAS A LIST OF DEMANDS 川普有一系列要求 Trump has positioned his foreign policy approach as one of peace-seeking and deal-making. Relations remain icy between the world's two biggest economies. 川普將其外交政策定位為「尋求和平、善於交易」。然而，世界兩大經濟體之間的關係依然冷淡。 "We're pretty close to a deal," Trump said on Thursday, in an apparent reference to larger trade talks. "We may do an extension with China, but it's an extension based on the same terms that we have right now, which are pretty good terms." 川普週四表示：「我們離達成協議已經相當接近了。」他似乎暗指更大範圍的貿易談判。「我們可能會與中國延長協議，但那將是基於目前條款的延長，而這些條款相當不錯。」 Other key issues include competition between both sides on semiconductors and other advanced technologies. The U.S. wants more Chinese purchases of U.S.- harvested soybeans and Boeing airplanes. 其他關鍵議題包括雙方在半導體及其他先進技術上的競爭。美國還希望中國增加購買美國大豆和波音飛機。 The U.S. is also demanding that China crack down on the export of fentanyl- related chemicals, a major cause of U.S. overdose deaths. Beijing has accused Washington of distorting the issue. 美國同時要求中國打擊芬太尼相關化學品的出口，因為這是美國藥物過量死亡的主要原因之一。北京則指責華盛頓扭曲問題。 Recent data point to slowing economies in both China and the United States. 最新數據顯示，中國與美國經濟都在放緩。 Since retaking office in January, Trump sharply hiked tariffs across the board and singled out China's export-oriented economy with especially punitive rates. That prompted China to respond in kind. Tariff rates on both sides of the Pacific rose to triple-digit percentages in April. 自 1 月重新上任以來，川普大幅提高各類關稅，並特別針對中國出口導向型經濟施加懲罰性關稅。這迫使中國採取對等反擊。今年 4 月，太平洋兩岸的關稅稅率飆升至三位數。 A succession of limited agreements since May paused the tit-for-tat tariff war between the countries. 自 5 月以來，一系列有限協議暫停了兩國間的關稅報復戰。 They also set aside issues that led to China choking off rare-earth magnets that Washington needs to make high-tech gadgets. Trump had blocked Beijing's access to semiconductor design software, jet engines and some chemicals. 雙方還擱置了與稀土磁鐵相關的爭議。中國一度限制對美出口稀土磁鐵，而這是美國製造高科技產品所需的。川普則封鎖了北京取得半導體設計軟體、噴射引擎和部分化學品的渠道。 "China's effective use of sticks (rare earths) and carrots (TikTok) has turned things heavily in their favor," said Scott Kennedy, head of the Chinese Business and Economics program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a think tank. 智庫戰略與國際研究中心（CSIS）中國商業與經濟計畫負責人 Scott Kennedy 表示：「中國有效利用『大棒』（稀土）與『胡蘿蔔』（TikTok），使局勢大大朝有利於自己的方向發展。」 Tariffs, a tax on U.S. importers, have been a key plank of Trump's economic policy. He's raised them to the highest levels in nearly a century. 關稅——對美國進口商徵收的稅收——是川普經濟政策的核心之一。他將關稅提高到近一個世紀以來的最高水平。 The Republican has portrayed tariffs as an elixir that can recoup lost manufacturing jobs, cut chronic federal government deficits, correct perceived trade imbalances and bend foreign countries to Washington's will. 這位共和黨人將關稅描繪成一種萬靈藥，可以挽回流失的製造業工作、削減長期的聯邦赤字、糾正所謂的貿易失衡，並迫使外國屈從於華盛頓的意志。 Despite the tariffs, China remains the U.S.' third-largest trading partner and the source of its largest bilateral trade deficit in goods. 儘管有關稅，中國仍是美國第三大貿易夥伴，也是美國商品最大雙邊貿易逆差的來源。 Trump has threatened but so far withheld punitive tariffs against Chinese exports related to the country's purchases of Russian oil. 川普曾威脅要對中國相關於購買俄羅斯石油的出口徵收懲罰性關稅，但至今仍未真正實施。 At the same time, regional worries are multiplying over Taiwan and the South China Sea, risky flashpoints that struggle to command as much attention in Washington as the Russia-Ukraine and Gaza wars. 同時，台灣與南海的區域憂慮正在加劇，這些風險熱點雖然不如俄烏戰爭與加薩戰爭般受到華盛頓關注，但仍潛藏危險。 "Heads-of-state diplomacy plays an irreplaceable role in providing strategic guidance for China-U.S. relations," said Liu Pengyu, spokesperson for the Chinese embassy in Washington. 中國駐美大使館發言人劉鵬宇表示：「元首外交在為中美關係提供戰略指導方面發揮著不可替代的作用。」 In an early sign of goodwill prior to the call, China permitted the departure of Wells Fargo banker Chenyue Mao, who had been prevented from returning to the United States for several months. 在這次通話前，中國展現了一個早期善意信號，允許富國銀行的銀行家毛晨越離境，他此前已被禁止返回美國數月。心得/評論：為何川普與習近平都把 TikTok 當成突破口？ TikTok = 「胡蘿蔔」外交工具對中國來說，TikTok 是唯一能在全球成功挑戰美國科技巨頭的應用，既是「國家技術資產」，也是與美國談判的籌碼。北京一邊用「稀土」當作大棒，一邊用「TikTok」當胡蘿蔔，以此在貿易戰、科技戰裡爭取更有利條件。川普的政治考量 TikTok 在美國有 1.7 億用戶，多數是年輕人與少數族裔，是重要的政治傳播平台。川普承認 TikTok 幫助過他的選舉。如果直接封禁，可能引發民意反彈；但若能「逼中國讓步」，又能展現「對中強硬 + 保護年輕人娛樂」的雙重效果。美中互動戰略美國想要更多貿易利益（大豆、波音）、更多科技優勢（半導體限制）、以及毒品問題讓中國配合（芬太尼）。中國則用「同意或不同意 TikTok 協議」來當談判籌碼，以減輕美國的壓力。雙方都需要一個「象徵性突破」關稅、科技戰、地緣政治衝突難以短期解決，TikTok 成了「最容易兌現的外交成果」。讓 TikTok 保留在美國，對川普是一種政治勝利，對習近平則是避免「國寶級資產」完全被奪走。國會與安全疑慮仍是障礙即便川普與習近平達成協議，美國國會仍可能阻擋，因為 TikTok 使用字節跳動演算法的安排無法消除國安疑慮。中國則堅持演算法不得外流，這代表美版 TikTok 即使換了所有權，仍會與中國保持技術聯繫。 -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 150.117.197.145 (臺灣) ※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Stock/M.1758289790.A.797.html

[新聞] 川習尋求TikTok問題取得突破 以打破僵局

[新聞] 川習尋求TikTok問題取得突破以打破僵局