[討論] AAMR改名AAIDD

看板sp_teacher (特教老師)作者giebin (阿斌)時間18年前 (2007/07/08 20:05)推噓0(0推 0噓 0→)

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嗯嗯，前陣子我在版上看到AAMR改名的訊息（雖然跟其他人比起來晚了點) 因為時間的關係，一直沒能好好查詢這方面的資料，所以最近把之前大家提出的原文翻譯了一下，希望能跟大家交流，如果有翻得不好的地方，還請大家不要鞭我XD 最後小弟我會提出一點小小的疑問，或許版上有人可以為我解答我小小的困惑，謝謝! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- World's Oldest Organization on Intellectual Disability Has a Progressive New Name 世界上最古老的智力傷殘(缺陷)組織有一個新名字 AAMR's name change draws applause from professional community and people living with a developmental disability 專業的大眾和人們為AAMR改名而喝采第一段 Washington, DC (November 2, 2006)-The American Association on Mental Retardation (AAMR), a 130-year old association representing developmental disability professionals worldwide, has changed its name to the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD), establishing a new standard in disability terminology and making way for a more socially-acceptable way of addressing people with intellectual disabilities. The AAIDD is arguably best-known for officially defining the condition of mental retardation for the world, and its successful advocacy in abolishing the death penalty for victims with this condition in the United States. The name change will take effect January 1, 2007. 2006年11月2日於華盛頓特區，AAMR，一個130年的老協會，它是全世界發展障礙的龍頭代表，已經將它們的名字改為智力和發展傷殘協會（簡稱AAIDD），AAIDD比起官方定義的MR來講，可以說是更適合全世界知道，而且它在美國成功的主張減少了許多為此受到處罰的犧牲者。這個名字將會在2007年1月1日帶來影響。第二段 "This new name is an idea whose time has come," says Doreen Croser, Executive Director of AAIDD. "Individuals with disabilities and family members do not like the term 'mental retardation' and their advocacy is encouraging political and social change at national, state, and local levels. Our members demanded that we keep up with times and they voted for this name change." AAIDD members consist of faculty members, researchers, and service professionals working with people with intellectual disabilities in settings such as group homes, institutions, schools, hospitals, private clinics, colleges, and university centers. AAIDD的主管，Dorren Croser說這個新名字的理念已經到來了。因為有著傷殘或缺陷的個人和家庭不喜歡MR（智力發展遲緩）這個說法，而且它們的主張鼓勵了政治和社會層面的改變。我們的成員要求我們不要跟不上時代的腳步，所以他們投票支持這個新的名字。 AAIDD的成員組成是由一群有才能的會員、研究者和為智力傷殘人士做服務的人，好比像家庭團體、機構、學校、醫院、私人診所、大專院校和大學中心等。第三段 The name of the AAIDD has been an ongoing source of contention in the disability community. While it is widely perceived that mental retardation (MR) is a condition that exists, it was also recognized that the term is prone to abuse, misinterpretation, and has devolved into an insult, especially for people with disabilities and family members. Further, the name AAMR was perceived as not in keeping with the progressive orientation of the information, products, and services offered by the Association. AAIDD這個名字已經持續成為大家爭論的焦點，當MR這個名字的存在情勢廣泛的被瞭解時，同時也被知道說這個說法有濫用的傾向，造成人們的錯誤解釋，進而轉變為一種侮辱，尤其是對有著傷殘的人和其家庭成員來說。此外這個名字無法表達出「積極對新環境適應」的想法，這種協會想提供的資訊、結果和服務。第四段 The applause from the community of people with disability was unanimous once the name change was announced. "In taking 'MR' out of your name, you've set a precedent for it to be taken out of the classrooms, the doctors' offices, personal case records, and eventually out of the vocabulary of people walking down the street," says Amy Walker of Illinois Voices, a group working on behalf of people with intellectual disabilities. 自從更改名字的決議被宣布起，有著傷殘的大眾人民無異議的鼓掌叫好。一個來自伊利諾州的團體說（它們的工作是為智力傷殘的人增進行為能力）：把MR這個字從名稱取代出來，已經開了一個先例，這個先例將會使MR這個名字從教室、醫生的辦公室、個人的事件記錄，到最後甚至會從人們的平常對話中剔除。第五段 Hank Bersani, current President of AAIDD explains, "Intellectual disability is a more accurate and modern term, and is also in keeping with terminology in Europe and Canada. We want to move away from any use of the word 'retardation,' while still allowing educators and other professionals to accurately describe the needs of the people they serve. Further, with the new name, we are reminding our members and the public that our mission has long included people with various developmental disabilities." Most members of AAIDD work closely with people with developmental disabilities since conditions such as autism and Down syndrome often co-exist with an intellectual disability. Hank Bersani，現任的AAIDD主席解釋著：「智力傷殘是一個更正確和更現代的說法，而且它也一直持續是歐洲和加拿大的用詞。我們想要將「智力發展遲緩」這個詞從詞彙中移除，因為教育工作者和其他的專業人士仍用它稱呼它們服務的智力傷殘對象。此外，有了這個新名字，我們也提醒我們的成員和大眾，我們的任務包括了各種不同的發展傷殘。大多數為AAIDD工作的人們，在他們接近發展傷殘的人時，發現一種情形，例如自閉症和唐氏症（道恩氏症）經常有著共存的智力缺陷特徵。第六段 Despite the new name, the core mission of the Association still remains the same-to promote progressive policies, sound research, effective practices, and universal rights for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The AAIDD has changed its name four times since its inception is 1876. The Association last changed its name in 1987 to the American Association on Mental Retardation. 雖然有了這個新名字，但是協會的核心任務仍是繼續的促進積極進步的政策，進行可靠的研究，然後有效的實行，以及為智力和發展傷殘的人謀求權力。AAIDD自從1876年開始已經改變它們的名字四次。上一次改變它們的名字要追溯自1987年，改成美國智能發展遲緩協會。第七段 Apart from its definition and advocacy work, the AAIDD is well-known for its journals, the American Journal on Mental Retardation and Mental Retardation. In recent times, the Association has received critical acclaim for the Supports Intensity Scale, a planning tool that empowers people with intellectual disabilities to live a desired life by getting services based on individual needs, not deficits. 此了將定義和主張更改之外，還要藉著期刊(American Journal on Mental Retardation 和Mental Retardation)讓全世界知道AAIDD。在最近，我們接受到來許多對於支持強烈度（簡稱SIS，是一種用來評估和規劃智力傷殘的支持需求）的喝采，它是一種工具，藉著這個工具智力傷殘的人可以過著他們渴望的生活，也可以得到更多的基本需求。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 感謝你看完，問題留在下一篇^^"...文章太長了 -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 59.104.83.164