[英中] 學貸減免是個好主意嗎?

看板Translation (筆譯/翻譯)作者Minilogo時間12年前 (2013/04/14 02:01)推噓2(2推 0噓 2→)

留言4則, 2人參與討論串1/2 (看更多)

Is Student Loan Debt Forgiveness a Good Idea? FEMALE 1: Going to college has become part of, like, a necessity for everyone, that the government sould be able to pay their part in order for everyone to be able to go. FEMALE 2: The idea of taxpayers, sort of, forgiving the debt is a good idea in principle, but in practice i'm not ready sure how they'd carry that out. 女性 1: 現在上大學對每個人好像都是必要的，所以政府應負擔一部份讓每個人都承擔的起。女性 2: 納稅人的概念，有點...，減免債務原則上是個好想法，但實際上我不很確定他們要如何實施。 PROFESSOR DANIEL LIN: Student loan debt has reached an all-time high, placing a great strain on many young graduates. This has led some to propose debt forgiveness as a way to help the needy. Would debt forgiveness achieve this goal? I'd say no, for two reason. First of all it would only be a temporary solution to help currently indebted students. It wouldn't change what got those students into debt in the first place. It wouldn't prevent future students from taking on even more debt. And it wouldn't reduce the pressures causing tuitions to rise. second, forgiving the debt doesn't magically make it go away: the government, meaing taxpayers, would be forced to pay it. 學貸已到了前所未有的高度，並對許多年輕畢業生造成龐大的壓力。這也導致一些人題議債務減免作為幫助此需求的方法。債務減免可以達到這個目標嗎? 我會說不行，有兩個理由。第一，它對於目前負債中的學生只是個暫時性的解決方案。它首先不會改變使學生陷入債務的真正原因。它沒辦法預防未來的學生過度舉債。促使學費上漲的壓力也不會減少。第二，債務減免並不代表債務就這麼神奇的消失: 政府也就是納稅人，將被迫償還這些債務。 With our enormous national debt, that's pretty hard to justify, especially since college graduates, on the whole, are one of the more privileged groups in the country. After all, college graduates have higher wages and a lower unemployment rate than the national average. Plus, they have already benefited from government subsidies in the form of grants, tax credits, subsidized tuition, and subsidized loans. Forgiving the debt of college graduates would be giving money to a group that's already relatively well off. 在現存龐大的國債下，這真的很難來評斷，特別是因為整體而言，大學畢業生是國家中比較幸運的一群。畢竟他們相對於全國平均有更高的薪資水準和更低的失業率。再者，他們已從政府的補貼，以獎學金、稅額減免、補貼學費、補貼貸款的形式中受益。減免大學畢業生的債務會相當於拿錢給已經相對富裕的人。 Of course, many college graduates are still struggling to find jobs and pay back their loans. But instead of debt forgiveness there's another reform that would give relief to those carring large amounts of student debt. Under current law, all student loans, public and private, are non dischargeable. This means that unlike all other types of loans, borrowers cannot get rid of their student debt through bankruptcy. the government will get it back by taking your tax refund, denying federal benifits, and garnishing your paycheck. This makes lenders less careful about who receives student loans. There are no credit checks, no underwriting, and no collateral, as there would be for virtually any other loan-approval process. Students are offered loans even if they use the funds for a degree with little market value. Why be choosey if a loan is guaranteed? 當然，許多大學畢業生還是很難找到工作並償還他們的債務。但撇開債務減免這個方法，還有另一種改良的方式可以救濟那些背負龐大學貸的人。在現行法律下，不管是公共或私人的學貸，都是不可免除的。這表示不像所有其他類型的債務，借款者無法因為破產而擺脫它。政府會收回你的退稅，拒絕提供社會補助，也會扣除你的薪水。這使得借款人更不關心誰可得到借款。不檢查信用，沒有保險，也沒有抵押，實質上如同沒有任何其他的貸款核准程序。就算學生只有低市值的資金他也能得到借款。如果保證能回收，那何必這麼挑剔呢? One way to fix this is by allowing student loans to be discharged in bankrupty. Lenders could no longer use the government as collection agency. Bad loans would become a problem for the lenders, who would then have better incentives to be careful with their loans. This would lead to fewer loans or loans with higher interest rates. This may sound bad for barrowers, but it'd be important for giving borrowers the right incentives as well. Instead of taking on debt before thinking through the repercussions, they'd have to have a plan for paying them back. Finally, with fewer loans being givin out, colleges would have less fuel for tuition increases and feel greater pressure to control their costs. 一項解決的方法是允許學生在破產後可以免除債務。借款人不可再把政府當作討債公司。呆帳可能成為借款人的問題，接著他們會對放款更加的謹慎。這會導致更少的放款和更高的利率。這聽起來對借款者是個壞消息，但給借款人正確的動機也很重要。與其考慮到後果前就先舉債，他們必須有個償還計畫。最後，當更少的貸款被放出時，大學也會有更低的誘因來增加學費。它們對於控制支出也會有更大的壓力。 Student debt forgiveness may be a tempting idea, but it would just shift the burden onto taxpayers while doing nothing to address the fundamental causes of tuition increases and mounting student debt. Making student debt dischargable in bankruptcy is a good first step toward reform that would better address the concerns of students both now and in the future. 學貸減免可能是個誘人的主意，但它只是當對於找到學費高漲的原因沒有任何動作，和增加學貸時，把負擔轉移到納稅人身上而已。讓學生在破產時免除債務是改革好的第一步，這可以更好的滿足和現在和未來學生有關的重要事情。 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 這是影片連結: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7Q1UfWYQkQ

有關經濟的專有名詞很多，也查不太到，像 federal benifit 我只找到是社會補助相關的東西，還有 grant、tax credit、subsidized tuition、subsidized loan 那一長串，我只有 subsidized loan 有在國家教育研究院找到，其他都是大陸或我自己覺得的翻法，如果有正確的譯名的話，請麻煩告訴我；還有翻譯不順或根本錯誤的也盡量糾正我，謝謝大家! -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 118.165.127.126